Alexander Fyodorovich Gorkin (Russian: Александр Фёдорович Горкин; September 5, 1897,

Rameshki Rameshki (russian: Рамешки) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia. Kostroma Oblast As of 2010, two rural localities in Kostroma Oblast bear this name: *Rameshki, Kologrivsky District, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Ilyinskoye ...

Village,

Tver Governorate Tver Governorate (russian: Тверская губерния, ''Tverskaya guberniya'') was an administrative division (a ''guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 ...

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

– June 29, 1988,

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...

) was a

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

state and party leader, Secretary of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1938–1953 and 1956–1957),

Hero of Socialist Labour The Hero of Socialist Labour (russian: links=no, Герой Социалистического Труда, Geroy Sotsialisticheskogo Truda) was an honorific title in the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact countries from 1938 to 1991. It repre ...

(1967).

Biography

Born into a peasant family. In 1916, he joined the

Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks (russian: Большевики́, from большинство́ ''bol'shinstvó'', 'majority'),; derived from ''bol'shinstvó'' (большинство́), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority". also known in English ...

. In 1917, he graduated from the Tver Gymnasium. From August 1917 to June 1919, Secretary of the Tver City Council of Deputies, from December 1918 to February 1919, Chairman of the Provincial Executive Committee. In 1919, a member of the Board of the Kursk Governatorial Extraordinary Commission, the head of the Penza Governatorial Village Department and out-of-school subdivision. In 1920–1921, at political work in the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...

. In 1921–1933, an employee of the Tver Governatorial Committee of the

Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) "Hymn of the Bolshevik Party" , headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow , general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first) Mikhail Gorbachev (last) , founded = , banned = , founder = Vladimir Lenin , newspaper ...

, the Kyrgyz Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), the Orenburg Governatorial Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), the Agricultural Union, the Poultry and Water Union, the Middle Volga Regional Committee of the

All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) "Hymn of the Bolshevik Party" , headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow , general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first) Mikhail Gorbachev (last) , founded = , banned = , founder = Vladimir Lenin , newspaper ...

, apparatus of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). In 1931–1932, he studied at the Agrarian Faculty of the

Institute of Red Professors An institute is an organisational body created for a certain purpose. They are often research organisations (research institutes) created to do research on specific topics, or can also be a professional body. In some countries, institutes can ...

in Moscow. In 1933–1934, the Second Secretary of the Middle Volga Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in

Samara Samara ( rus, Сама́ра, p=sɐˈmarə), known from 1935 to 1991 as Kuybyshev (; ), is the largest city and administrative centre of Samara Oblast. The city is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Samara (Volga), Samara rivers, with ...

. From December 1934 to July 1937, he was the First Secretary of the newly created Orenburg Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). During this period, mass repressions took place in the

Orenburg Oblast Orenburg Oblast (russian: Оренбургская область, ''Orenburgskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. From 1938 to 1957, it bore the name ''Chkalov Oblast'' () ...

, during which, in particular, all members of the Bureau of the Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) were killed. From July 9, 1937 to January 1938 – Secretary of the

Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union The All-Union Central Executive Committee (russian: Всесоюзный Центральный исполнительный комитет, Vsesoyuznyy Tsentral'nyy ispolnitel'nyy komitet) was the most authoritative governing body of the USSR d ...

. In 1938–1953 and 1956–1957 – Secretary of the Presidium of the

Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( rus, Верховный Совет Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, r=Verkhovnyy Sovet Soyuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respubl ...

(from March 15, 1953 to July 15, 1956 this position was held by Nikolai Pegov, and Gorkin was deputy). Member of the

of the 1–8th convocations (1937–1974). In 1957–1972 – Chairman of the

Supreme Court of the Soviet Union The Supreme Court of the Soviet Union (russian: Верховный Суд СССР) was the highest court of the Soviet Union during its existence. The Supreme Court of the USSR included a Military Collegium and other elements which were not typic ...

, simultaneously in 1959–1961 – Chairman of the Central Audit Commission of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He participated in a campaign for the rehabilitation of victims of personality cult. He was a delegate to the 8–10, 15, 17–24 Congresses of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. A Candidate Member of the

Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, – TsK KPSS was the executive leadership of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, acting between sessions of Congress. According to party statutes, the committee directe ...

(1939–1952), a member of the Central Audit Commission of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1952–1976). Since 1972 – a personal pensioner. He lived in Moscow. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery.Grave of Alexander Gorkin
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Family

The son, Yuri Alexandrovich Gorkin (born in 1921), a participant in the Great Patriotic War, was awarded orders and medals. He graduated with honors from the Moscow Higher Technical School named after Nikolai Bauman with a degree in radio electronics. Director of the Research Institute of Biotechnology, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor. Wife, Gorkina Nadezhda Nikolaevna, artist-architect, restorer. Daughter, Olga Yuryevna Gorkina, journalist, art critic, television producer. Daughter, Maya Alexandrovna Gorkina (born in 1930) was married to an intelligence officer of the

Main Intelligence Directorate Main Intelligence Directorate may refer to: * Main Directorate of Intelligence (Ukraine), the military intelligence service of Ukraine * GRU The Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, rus, Гла́� ...

resident Resident may refer to: People and functions * Resident minister, a representative of a government in a foreign country * Resident (medicine), a stage of postgraduate medical training * Resident (pharmacy), a stage of postgraduate pharmaceuti ...

in Norway and the United Kingdom, Yevgeny Ivanov (1926–1994), involved in a scandal with a lover of the British Minister of War,

John Profumo John Dennis Profumo, CBE,( ; 30 January 1915 – 9 March 2006) was a British politician whose career ended in 1963 after a sexual relationship with the 19-year-old model Christine Keeler in 1961. The scandal, which became known as the Profumo a ...

, a 19-year-old dancer and Model Christine Keeler.

Awards

(September 4, 1967); *Three

Orders of Lenin The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration b ...

(September 4, 1947; September 4, 1957; September 4, 1967); *

Order of the October Revolution The Order of the October Revolution (russian: Орден Октябрьской Революции, ''Orden Oktyabr'skoy Revolyutsii'') was instituted on October 31, 1967, in time for the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution. It was conferr ...

(August 31, 1971); *

Order of the Red Banner of Labour The Order of the Red Banner of Labour (russian: Орден Трудового Красного Знамени, translit=Orden Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni) was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to th ...

(September 2, 1977); *

Order of Friendship of Peoples The Order of Friendship of Peoples (russian: oрден Дружбы народов, translit=orden Druzhby narodov) was an order of the Soviet Union, and was awarded to persons (including non-citizens), organizations, enterprises, military unit ...

(September 3, 1982); *

Order of the Badge of Honour The Order of the Badge of Honour (russian: орден «Знак Почёта», orden "Znak Pochyota") was a civilian award of the Soviet Union. It was established on 25 November 1935, and was conferred on citizens of the USSR for outstanding ...

(September 4, 1987); *Medals.

References

External links